http://jrss.numl.edu.pk/index.php/jrss/issue/feed Journal of Research in Social Sciences 2025-01-30T16:09:02+05:00 Editor, Dr. Tatheer Zahra Sherazi chief.editorjrss@numl.edu.pk Open Journal Systems <p>The Journal of Research in Social Sciences (JRSS) is a double-blind, peer reviewed, and open access journal devoted to research in the social sciences. It is published bi-annually by the Faculty of Social Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad. JRSS aims to promote the culture of quality research in the field of social sciences.</p> <p>The journal encourages scholarly research in social science, fields of sociology, history, political science, international relations, psychology, anthropology, mass media, public policy and governance. Additionally, the journal welcomes contributions from interdisciplinary fields particularly those aspects which intersect with social sciences, such as Information Technology, Engineering, Management, Cyber Security, Artificial Intelligence etc along with other emerging domains which can have implications for understanding human societies and behaviours. The purpose of including the interdisciplinary domain is to bridge the gap between traditional spheres of social sciences and upcoming trends of social sciences for a better understanding of complex local and international phenomena. The journal is constantly striving to achieve excellence by promoting quality research. The Higher Education Commission of Pakistan promoted the journal to ‘CATEGORY, Y’ in 2016 in honor of its efforts and research contribution.</p> http://jrss.numl.edu.pk/index.php/jrss/article/view/260 Impact of Psychosocial Factors on Quality of Life: A Case Study of End Stage Renal Disease 2025-01-03T06:23:16+05:00 Iqra Nazar nbuni1.ua@gmail.com Dr. Fatima Kamran fatimakamran.appsy@pu.edu.pk Dr. Rafia Rafique rafia.appsy@pu.edu.pk Dr. Ghulam Ishaq gishaq786@yahoo.com <p>End-stage renal disease (ESRD) occurs when kidneys gradually lost its function.&nbsp;In Pakistan, the prevalence of ESRD is 37.9% of the adult population overall. This case study is describing how psychosocial factors have greater impact on client with ESRD, which ultimately influencing her overall quality of life (QoL). The client F.A was a 55 years old married female, diagnosed with ESRD due to Primary Hypertension and Type I Diabetes. Client was referred to trainee health psychologist for psychosocial assessment as a consequence of Hemodialysis. She was presented with the physical &amp; psychological complaints such as fatigue due to low Hb level, muscles cramps and difficulty in breathing due to Myocardial Infraction (MI), irritability after diagnosis of ESRD, anger over little matters, automatic worrying thoughts regarding her condition and restlessness. An in-depth case history interview was carried out to gather information using both informal and formal assessments. 12 sessions have been conducted with the patient. These assessments covered all psychosocial&nbsp;aspects such as illness perception, health locus of control, health beliefs, perceived health status, perception of the doctor-patient relationship, perception of health care services, personality/life orientation, adherence (dietary, fluid, and medication), and QoL. The client found below average on QoL depicted through formal assessment and seemed to be non-adhere towards dietary habits, medication, and treatment of HCV or MI. In addition, she seemed to have negative illness perceptions, poor health status, maladaptive health beliefs, spiritual health locus of control and dissatisfied doctor-patient relationship. The intervention plan comprised of psychoeducation, cost and benefit analysis, coping statements, role playing technique, religious coping anger management, attention strategy technique, baseline chart and ABC model of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The intervention plan showed significant improvement in managing psychosocial targeted areas.</p> <p><em>Keywords:</em> End Stage Renal Disease, Psychosocial factors, Quality of Life</p> 2025-01-14T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://jrss.numl.edu.pk/index.php/jrss/article/view/285 Relationship Between Communication Skills and Classroom Management Skills of Elementary School Teachers 2024-12-23T05:27:04+05:00 Beenish Abdul Khaliq benish.msedu365@iiu.edu.pk Dr Alina Raza alina.raza@iiu.edu.pk Dr Fouzia Ajmal fouzia.ajmal@iiu.edu.pk <p>This study explores the relationship between communication skills and<br />classroom management skills of elementary school teachers. It aims to<br />evaluate the proficiency of teachers in communication, assess their<br />classroom management abilities, and identify the correlation between these<br />two critical skill sets. The study was conducted among female teachers of<br />grades one to five in Rawalpindi's urban area, using a quantitative research<br />design. A total of 93 teachers from government girls' elementary schools<br />were selected through random sampling. Data was collected via a structured<br />five-point Likert scale questionnaire, measuring dimensions of<br />communication skills (verbal, non-verbal, written, visual) and classroom<br />management skills (time, discipline, instructional, resource management).<br />Data analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between<br />communication skills and effective classroom management. Findings<br />highlighted that the teachers with strong communication skills, particularly<br />in writing and verbal communication, exhibited better classroom<br />management. Conversely, deficiencies in specific communication domains<br />negatively impacted instructional management. Based on these results, the<br />study underscores the importance of teacher training programs focused on<br />enhancing communication and classroom management skills in school<br />teachers.</p> 2025-01-07T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://jrss.numl.edu.pk/index.php/jrss/article/view/286 Pandemic-Induced changes in Travel Behaviour: Insights of Pandemic’s Lasting impacts on Lahore’s Urban Mobility 2025-01-02T14:10:48+05:00 Hina Saleemi hinasaleemi@uet.edu.pk Muhammad Momin Amer muhammad.momin.amer@gmail.com Saadia Tabassum saadia@uet.edu.pk Sadia Ismail sadiaismail@uet.edu.pk <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>The COVID-19 epidemic, which began to spread globally in early 2020, created an abrupt change that has brought with it unimaginable challenges and profound adjustments to many elements and areas of human existence. This research delves into how the COVID-19 pandemic transformed travel patterns in Lahore, Pakistan. It analyzes the surveys conducted to understand people's travel behaviors before, during, and after the pandemic's peak. The survey consists of total 38 questions concerning about the travel pattern of participants in pre-pandemic, during pandemic and post-pandemic along with socioeconomic factors. Factor analysis has been used to analyse the collected data. For factor analysis seven latent variable have been determined. The results show a significant change in travel pattern of individuals. During the pandemic, public transportation utilization fell drastically, and this decline persisted long after restrictions were lifted. In the same manner, there was a decline in the use of carpooling and taxis, following a subsequent partial recovery. In addition, the pandemic appears to have pushed people towards habit of online shopping and some people and offices towards remote working. This shift towards virtual alternatives may have long-term effects as individuals get used to of these new schedules. Furthermore, there have been a decline in social visits such as family, friends and social works including expos, volunteer and community works. Essentially, the research highlights the COVID-19 pandemic as a watershed moment for travel patterns in Lahore. It triggered a rise in personal car use, a surge in remote work and online shopping, and a temporary decline in social visits by car. The research indicates that certain modifications, including the adoption of remote work and virtual communication, could eventually become standard practices, impacting urban living and working patterns.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> 2025-01-14T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://jrss.numl.edu.pk/index.php/jrss/article/view/273 Chinese Investment in Latin America: A Case Study of Argentina, and Venezuela 2024-12-17T15:59:47+05:00 Hira Bashir hirakhan5090@gmail.com Durr e Shahwar Khan Shahwarkhan2015@gmail.com Asia Karim Dr.asia@myu.edu.pk <p>This article examines the growing influence of Chinese investments in Latin America, focusing on Venezuela and Argentina. It explores how these countries benefit from Chinese capital and how this investment impacts their economies. Venezuela has relied on oil-backed loans to sustain its political system, worsening its economic challenges. In contrast, Argentina has channeled Chinese investment into infrastructure, including hydroelectric dams, nuclear plants, railway modernization, and energy diversification projects. The study highlights that while infrastructure investment can enhance economic stability and reduce reliance on further loans, both countries remain vulnerable due to their dependence on raw material exports. Despite these challenges, the study underscores that with institutional improvements and a shift toward diversification, such investments can contribute to sustainable growth in both nations. A qualitative research approach using secondary sources was employed to analyze the long-term implications of Chinese investments in these two economies.</p> <p> </p> 2025-01-14T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://jrss.numl.edu.pk/index.php/jrss/article/view/287 CPEC and Inclusive Development of Balochistan: A Holistic Approach to Human Security and Sustainable Development 2025-01-07T09:54:16+05:00 Sayyeda Aqsa Sajjad aqsa.sajjad@gmail.com Dr Raza Muhammad razamyus@gmail.com <p>The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is considered as a game changer in the global arena impacting the regional trade and infrastructural development with the cost of US$ 62 billion. The project seeks to establish a transportation and trade network which will connect the China’s Xinjiang province with Gwadar Port of Pakistan, situated in the southwestern province of Balochistan. Serving as a pivotal pearl within Chinese vast Belt and Road Initiative, the CPEC possesses the potential to enhance Pakistan’s geopolitical significance and open up opportunities for increased foreign investment.&nbsp;&nbsp; Nevertheless, being primarily sited in Balochistan, the CPEC offers vital implications for the province in particular and the whole of Pakistan in general. The article examines the potential impact of CPEC on power dynamics between China and Pakistan, as well as its influence on the economic policies, industrialization, and social infrastructure of Balochistan. It further seeks to evaluate the effects of CPEC on marginalised communities in Balochistan. Moreover, the study also evaluates the sustainability and long-term implications of the CPEC on the future development trajectory of Balochistan.</p> 2025-01-30T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2025